I think Bart Van Der Wolf has better sense of critical elements in color composition than I do.
Hi Asher, Doug,
I'm no expert, but I do dream in color!
To me, composition is the spatial arrangement of subjects/objects/shapes within the frame of our intended image. Color can enhance or subtract from such an arrangement. Color can even be the only compositional element, e.g. in a flat plane.
Warm colors have a tendency to attract attention and apparently bring objects closer. This probably has to do with the dangers of poisonous berries, and blood, and land on fire, and has become part of our instincts. It also creates an association with warmth and comfort, when used with moderation.
Cool colors have a tendency to push objects back into the background. That is probably related to blue skies, clear lakes and oceans and their surface reflection of skies, and shadows with ice and snow. It creates a sensation of inactivity and distance.
We usually cannot arrange colors in nature at will, so we'll have to do it by cropping and choosing a perspective point.
Sometimes subjects present themselves, e.g. autumn leaves against a blue sky, to enhance the sensations of close and distant, sometimes it helps to 'create' something that shakes the natural sensations by placing a cool colored object in front, and a warm object in the back, a bit like the above image (the effect could be strengthened by cool toning the foreground a bit more). Sometimes we can use the repetition of colored shapes in a certain pattern or direction.
Composition is served mostly by leaving stuff out of the image, and only include the shapes that build/strengthen a certain path along which the eye will scan the image. We can please the eye by choosing a golden section arrangement of shapes, or we can do the opposite and rattle the cage by placing an object at an edge and leaving the rest of the space simple, or achieve the same by using certain colors. Or, as Doug did, split the image in half, one half with detail, one half with nothingness (except for a little detail that then stands out).
Personally, I would have moved that foreground detail a bit further from the edge, and at the left of the image, to avoid our eyes leaving the image as we scan it from top left to bottom right (for left to right readers that is, some cultures prefer other arrangements of features to guide the movement of our eyes).
The question always is, what sensation do you want to achieve in the viewers mind? Pleasing, unsettling, intriguing, stability, instability, a surprise, a journey for the eye, awe, curiosity, you name it.
Just some thoughts, hope they help.
Cheers,
Bart